Keywords
tovush
chastota
amplituda
intensivlik
How to Cite
Abstract
Ushbu maqolada akustika fanining tibbiyotdagi ahamiyati, tovushning asosiy fizik xususiyatlari, inson eshitish sistemasining biofizik mexanizmlari hamda quloqning eshitish sezgirligini aniqlash usullari ilmiy jihatdan tahlil qilindi. Tovush — elastik muhitda tarqaluvchi mexanik tebranish bo‘lib, uning chastota, amplituda, intensivlik, tovush bosimi, tembr va rezonans kabi parametrlarini chuqur tushunish eshitish fiziologiyasi va audiologik diagnostika uchun muhim hisoblanadi. Inson qulog‘i tashqi, o‘rta va ichki quloq qismlaridan iborat bo‘lib, tovush to‘lqinlarini mexanik tebranishdan nerv impulsiga aylantiruvchi murakkab biologik-akustik tizim vazifasini bajaradi. Eshitish sezgirligini baholashda tonal audiometriya, nutq audiometriyasi, kamerton sinamalari, otoakustik emissiya va eshitish chaqirilgan potensiallari muhim diagnostik ahamiyatga ega. Jahon sog‘liqni saqlash tashkiloti ma’lumotlariga ko‘ra, hozirgi vaqtda dunyo aholisining 1,5 milliarddan ortig‘i turli darajadagi eshitish pasayishi bilan yashamoqda, 430 milliondan ortiq insonda esa reabilitatsiyani talab qiluvchi eshitish buzilishi mavjud. Shu bois akustika va eshitish sistemasining fizik asoslarini o‘rganish nafaqat nazariy, balki amaliy-klinik ahamiyatga ham ega.
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