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Abstract
Lexicology, as a branch of linguistics, focuses on the study of words,
their meanings, structures, and relationships within a language. While essential for
understanding linguistic systems and language evolution, lexicology encounters
several challenges. These include defining the concept of a “word,” addressing
polysemy and homonymy, managing synonymy and antonymy, understanding word
formation processes, and adapting to the rapid changes in vocabulary due to societal
and technological progress. This article explores these problems, highlighting their
implications for linguistics and practical applications in lexicography, translation,
and language education
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