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Abstract
Glaucoma comprises a group of progressive optic neuropathies characterized by retinal ganglion cell loss, optic nerve damage, and irreversible visual field loss. Because early disease is frequently asymptomatic, timely detection is essential for preserving visual function. This article aims to synthesize major risk factors, diagnostic criteria, and contemporary management strategies for glaucoma. Evidence was reviewed from the World Health Organization (WHO), the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), the European Glaucoma Society (EGS), and peer-reviewed articles indexed in PubMed.
References
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