PHARMACOLOGICAL MECHANISMS OF DRUG ACTION: PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATIONS

Authors

  • Kibriyeva Maxfirat Abduraxmonovna Termez University of Economics and Service, Faculty of Medicine
  • Toshpulatov Sirojiddin Termez University of Economics and Service, Faculty of Medicine

Keywords:

pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, drug-receptor interaction, ADME, therapeutic effect

Abstract

Pharmacology is a fundamental discipline in medical science that studies the interactions between drugs and biological systems. This article explores the core principles of pharmacological mechanisms, including pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Special emphasis is placed on how drugs are absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted, as well as their effects at the cellular and receptor levels. Understanding these mechanisms is essential for rational drug use, minimizing adverse effects, and optimizing therapeutic outcomes. This paper follows the IMRAD structure to provide a comprehensive scientific overview.

References

1. Goodman & Gilman (2018). The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. McGraw-Hill. (Indexed in PubMed, Scopus)

2. Rang, H. P., et al. (2019). Rang & Dale’s Pharmacology. Elsevier.

3. Katzung, B. G. (2021). Basic & Clinical Pharmacology. McGraw-Hill.

4. World Health Organization (2020). Guidelines on Rational Use of Medicines.

5. Brunton, L. L. (2018). Drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics. Journal of Pharmacology.

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Published

2026-04-12

Issue

Vol. 3 No. 4 (2026): SYNAPSES: INSIGHTS ACROSS THE DISCIPLINES

Section

Articles

License

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

How to Cite

PHARMACOLOGICAL MECHANISMS OF DRUG ACTION: PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATIONS. (2026). SYNAPSES: INSIGHTS ACROSS THE DISCIPLINES, 3(4), 70-77. https://universalpublishings.com/index.php/siad/article/view/17601