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Abstract
Zamonaviy gematologiya va klinik laboratoriya diagnostikasi sohasida gemolitik anemiya (GA) muammosi tibbiyot olimlari, tadqiqotchilar va amaliyot shifokorlari uchun eng murakkab va dolzarb yo‘nalishlardan biri bo‘lib qolmoqda. Jahon sog‘liqni saqlash tizimi statistikasi va so‘nggi yillarda o‘tkazilgan keng qamrovli epidemiologik tadqiqotlar shuni ko‘rsatadiki, gemolitik anemiya qon tizimi kasalliklari orasida 5,3% ni, butun dunyo bo‘ylab qayd etiladigan jami anemik holatlar tarkibida esa 11,5% ni tashkil etadi[1]. Eritrotsitlarning (qonning qizil tanachalari) o‘z fiziologik yashash davridan (normada taxminan 100-120 kun) oldin, patologik tarzda tezkor parchalanishi (gemoliz) organizmda o‘ta og‘ir kaskad reaksiyalarni ishga tushiradi. Eritrotsitlarning erta shikastlanishi va buzilishi natijasida qonning kislorod tashish qobiliyati keskin pasayadi, bu esa bosh miya, yurak, buyrak kabi hayotiy muhim organlarning og‘ir gipoksiyasiga, ishemiyasiga va poliorgan yetishmovchiligiga sabab bo‘ladi[4].
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