Abstract
Maqolada gravitatsion zichlik va bosim tushunchalarining klassik mexanika, astrofizika va umumiy nisbiylik nazariyasidagi fizik mazmuni tahlil qilinadi. Zichlik moddaning hajm birligiga to‘g‘ri keladigan massasi sifatida gravitatsion maydon manbai bo‘lsa, bosim modda ichidagi kuchlanish holatini ifodalaydi. Nyuton gravitatsiyasida asosiy manba massa zichligi hisoblanadi, umumiy nisbiylik nazariyasida esa energiya zichligi bilan bir qatorda bosim ham gravitatsion maydon hosil bo‘lishida ishtirok etadi. Maqolada Poisson tenglamasi, gidrostatik muvozanat tenglamasi, ideal gaz bosimi, Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff tenglamasi va kosmologik Friedmann tenglamalari orqali zichlik va bosimning gravitatsion tizimlardagi o‘rni yoritiladi.
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