Abstract
Ushbu maqolada insult kasalligining mohiyati, uning keltirib chiqaradigan xavflari va zamonaviy profilaktika chora-tadbirlari tahlil qilingan. Insult — miya qon aylanishining o'tkir buzilishi natijasida yuzaga keladigan patologik holat bo'lib, butun dunyoda o'lim va nogironlikning asosiy sabablaridan biri hisoblanadi. Jahon sog'liqni saqlash tashkiloti ma'lumotlariga ko'ra, har yili 16-17 million kishi insultga uchraydi, ulardan 30-35 foizi halok bo'ladi . Shu bilan birga, tadqiqotlar insult holatlarining 80 foizgacha qismini oldini olish mumkinligini ko'rsatmoqda .
Maqolada insult rivojlanishining asosiy xavf omillari — arterial gipertenziya, qandli diabet, ateroskleroz, yurak ritmi buzilishlari (atriyal fibrilatsiya), semizlik va zararli odatlar batafsil yoritilgan . Profilaktikaning ikki asosiy yo'nalishi — sog'lom turmush tarzini shakllantirish (muntazam jismoniy faollik, to'g'ri ovqatlanish, tana vaznini nazorat qilish, chekish va spirtli ichimliklardan voz kechish) hamda tibbiy nazorat (qon bosimini, qon shakar va xolesterin darajasini muntazam tekshirish, surunkali kasalliklarni o'z vaqtida davolash) tahlil qilingan . Shuningdek, insultning dastlabki belgilarini aniqlashning BE FAST (Balance, Eyes, Face, Arms, Speech, Time) tizimi va shoshilinch tibbiy yordamning ahamiyati yoritilgan .
References
1. American Heart Association / American Stroke Association. 2026 Acute Ischemic Stroke Guidelines. Stroke. 2026.
2. Furie KL, Kelly PJ. Secondary Prevention after Ischemic Stroke. New England Journal of Medicine. 2026.
3. Ford B, et al. Recurrent Ischemic Stroke: Prevention Strategies. American Family Physician. 2026.
4. American Heart Association. 2026 Guideline for the Early Management of Acute Ischemic Stroke. Stroke. 2026.
5. Jahon sog'liqni saqlash tashkiloti. Cardiovascular Diseases: Stroke Prevention. WHO Technical Report. 2025.