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Abstract
Yurak tugʻma nuqsonlari (YTN) — bu homila rivojlanish davrida yurak va yirik qon tomirlarining anatomik tuzilishidagi tugʻma anomaliyalar boʻlib, ular perinatal va erta bolalik davrida uchraydigan eng keng tarqalgan patologiyalardan biridir. Mazkur maqolada yurak tugʻma nuqsonlarining etiologiyasi, patogenezi, tasnifi, klinik belgilari, diagnostika usullari hamda zamonaviy davolash yondashuvlari tahlil qilindi. Shuningdek, genetik omillar, atrof-muhit ta’siri va homiladorlik davridagi xavf omillarining ahamiyati yoritildi. Hozirgi kunda ekokardiografiya, prenatal skrining va yurak jarrohligidagi innovatsion texnologiyalar tufayli erta tashxis qoʻyish va samarali davolash imkoniyatlari kengaymoqda. Tadqiqot natijalari yurak tugʻma nuqsonlarini erta aniqlash va kompleks davolash bemorlarning hayot sifatini yaxshilash hamda o‘lim ko‘rsatkichlarini kamaytirishda muhim ahamiyatga ega ekanligini ko‘rsatadi.
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