JIGARDA METABOLIZMLANUVCHI ANTIBIOTIKLAR VA ULARNING GEPATOTOKSIK TA’SIRI
Keywords:
Antibiotiklar, jigar metabolizmi, gepatotoksiklik, isoniazid, amoksitsillin-klavulanat, rifampin, eritromitsin, CYP450 fermentlari, farmakokinetika, dori-induktsiyalangan jigar zarari, idiosinkratik reaksiyalar, xolestatik gepatit, klinik monitoring, farmakogenetika, dori xavfsizligi.Abstract
Jigar organizmda dori moddalarining metabolizmi uchun asosiy organ hisoblanadi. Ko‘plab antibiotiklar aynan jigarda metabolizmlanadi va bu jarayonda ular faol yoki nofaol metabolitlarga aylanadi. Biroq ayrim hollarda antibiotiklarning bu metabolitlari jigarda toksik ta’sir ko‘rsatib, dori-induktsiyalangan gepatotoksiklik holatlarini yuzaga keltiradi. Ushbu maqolada jigarda metabolizmlanuvchi antibiotiklarning asosiy farmakokinetik xususiyatlari, ularning gepatotoksik ta’sir mexanizmlari, xavf omillari va klinik ko‘rinishlari chuqur tahlil etilgan. Isoniazid, amoksitsillin-klavulanat, rifampin, eritromitsin va tetratsiklin kabi antibiotiklar yuqori gepatotoksiklikka ega ekani aniqlangan. Shuningdek, gepatotoksiklikning yuzaga chiqishida genetik polimorfizm, dori vositalari o‘rtasidagi o‘zaro ta’sirlar, bemorning yoshi va jigar holati kabi omillar muhim rol o‘ynashi ta’kidlangan. Maqolada antibiotiklarni xavfsiz qo‘llash uchun individual yondashuv, monitoring tizimlarini kuchaytirish va farmakogenetik testlarning ahamiyati yoritib berilgan. Tahlillar asosida klinik amaliyot uchun amaliy tavsiyalar keltirilgan.
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References
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