MUHAMMAD SHAYBONI KHAN: LIFE, POLITICAL ACTIVITY AND PLACE IN HISTORY

Abstract

This article comprehensively examines the life, political activities, and historical significance of Muhammad Shaybani Khan, a ruler who played a crucial role in the political history of Central Asia during the late 15th and early 16th centuries. The article analyzes the establishment of Shaybanid rule in Transoxiana, his struggles with the Timurids, and how his military-political campaigns reshaped the balance of power in the region, influencing subsequent historical processes. It delves into Shaybani Khan's emergence from the Uzbek tribes of Dasht-i Qipchaq and his efforts to conquer Transoxiana by exploiting internal conflicts within the Timurid state. Furthermore, his state administration, foreign policy, particularly his conflict with the Safavids and his demise in the Battle of Merv, as well as his cultural and literary legacy, are also analyzed. The article reviews historical sources related to Shaybani Khan's era, including works like "Baburnama," "Shaybaninama," and "Mehmonnomayi Bukhara," and discusses certain issues in studying the ruler's activities. In conclusion, Shaybani Khan's activities are presented as complex and multifaceted, emphasizing the necessity of analyzing them in conjunction with the political conditions, state administration, foreign relations, and cultural environment of his time.