ERITMALARNING FIZIK VA KIMYOVIY XUSUSIYATLARI.
Keywords:
eritma, erituvchi, eritilgan modda, dissosilanish, elektrolit, noelektrolit, elektr o‘tkazuvchanlik, fizik xossa, kimyoviy xossa, konsentratsiya, qovushqoqlik, ionlashish.Abstract
. Ushbu maqolada eritmalarning fizik va kimyoviy xususiyatlari, ularning hosil bo‘lish mexanizmlari hamda tarkibiy qismlarning o‘zaro ta’sir jarayonlari ilmiy asosda tahlil qilingan. Eritmalar — ikki yoki undan ortiq moddalarning molekulyar darajada bir jinsli aralashmalari bo‘lib, ularning fizik xossalari, jumladan zichlik, qovushqoqlik, elektr o‘tkazuvchanlik va qaynash hamda muzlash nuqtalarining o‘zgarishi, erituvchi va eritilgan modda tabiatiga bog‘liqligi ko‘rsatib o‘tilgan.
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