Abstract
1. A Scratch That Would Not Heal It begins innocently enough. A gardening cut. A scraped knee. A routine surgery that goes exactly as planned. For most of human history, an infected wound was a lottery of life and death — until a moldy dish in a London laboratory changed everything. Penicillin arrived in the 1940s like a miracle, transforming once-lethal infections into minor inconveniences. Surgeons could operate boldly. Burns could be survived. Childbirth became dramatically safer. Humanity collectively exhaled
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